For if we go on sinning willfully after receiving the knowledge of the truth, there no longer remains a sacrifice for sins, but a terrifying expectation of judgment and THE FURY OF A FIRE WHICH WILL CONSUME THE ADVERSARIES. Anyone who has set aside the Law of Moses dies without mercy on the testimony of two or three witnesses. How much severer punishment do you think he will deserve who has trampled under foot the Son of God, and has regarded as unclean the blood of the covenant by which he was sanctified, and has insulted the Spirit of grace? For we know Him who said, “VENGEANCE IS MINE, I WILL REPAY.” And again, “THE LORD WILL JUDGE HIS PEOPLE.” It is a terrifying thing to fall into the hands of the living God. But remember the former days, when, after being enlightened, you endured a great conflict of sufferings, partly by being made a public spectacle through reproaches and tribulations, and partly by becoming sharers with those who were so treated. For you showed sympathy to the prisoners and accepted joyfully the seizure of your property, knowing that you have for yourselves a better possession and a lasting one. Therefore, do not throw away your confidence, which has a great reward. For you have need of endurance, so that when you have done the will of God, you may receive what was promised. FOR YET IN A VERY LITTLE WHILE, HE WHO IS COMING WILL COME, AND WILL NOT DELAY. BUT MY RIGHTEOUS ONE SHALL LIVE BY FAITH; AND IF HE SHRINKS BACK, MY SOUL HAS NO PLEASURE IN HIM. But we are not of those who shrink back to destruction, but of those who have faith to the preserving of the soul.
sinning willfully - "The background is the defiant sin of Num 15:30-31 for which there was no propitiatory offering. Only judgment, awaited the one who sinned defiantly, lit., with a high hand; i.e., with a raised, clenched fist in defiance of God and His commands. (See also Ex 14:8, where the same word is used.)" (Ryrie)
knowledge - "The word 'knowledge' is not the simple word gnosis, but the strong word epignosis. Alford quotes Delitzsch as saying: 'When epignosis is used, there is the assumption of an actual direction of the spirit to a definite object and of a real grasping of the same: so that we may speak of a false gnosis, but not of a false epignosis. And the Writer, by the use of this word, gives us to understand that he mans by it not only a shallow historical notion about the Truth, but a living believing knowledge of it, which has laid hold of a man and fused him into union with itself.' Thus it is clear that the Jew who committed this sin, was fully informed by the Holy Spirit of the issues involved between the First Testament and the New Testament, and also the meaning and the implications of the New Testament, (6:4, 'who were once enlightened') and therefore, he sinned with his eyes wide open." (Wuest)
there no longer remains a sacrifice for sins - "If a person rejects the truth of Christ's death for sin, there is no other sacrifice for sin available and no other way to come to God. Only judgment remains (v 27)." (Ryrie)
"The ministry of the Holy Ghost within believing Israel caused them to walk in God's statutes (Ezek 36:27), to sell all their property (Acts 2:45) and be faithful unto death (Rev 2:10). For them, willful sin was equivalent to blasphemy of the Holy Ghost; and there remaineth no more sacrifice for that (Matt 12:31-32)." (McLean)
v 29 - "The three indictments specified in this verse describe the enormity of the sin of unbelief." (Ryrie)
"To return to Judaism was to count the blood an 'unholy' thing (koinos, common, i.e., having no cleansing value, no divine virtue). More too than this, it meant that the apostate thereby necessarily regarded the blood of Christ as that of a criminal, executed for His own crime. Thus it was not a case of disobedience, it was contempt of God's grace through and in His Son." (Vine)
v 30 - "These are quotes from Deut 32:35-36 and Ps 135:14." (Ryrie)
"The certainty of the punishment is assured by the word of God. Vincent says that the word 'vengeance' is 'an unfortunate translation, since it conveys the idea of vindictiveness which does not reside in the Greek word. It is the full meting out of justice to all parties. The quotation is an adaptation of the LXX of Deut 32:35. The second citation is literally from LXX of Deut 32:36." (Wuest)
conflict of sufferings - struggle with sufferings
"Terrible sufferings are in store for those who find themselves in Daniel's seventieth week, the time of Jacob's trouble. Unable to buy or sell (Rev 13:17), these people endure a great flight of afflictions just as Christ had forewarned in Matthew chapters 24 and 25. The Hebrew Tribulation epistle of James is replete with similar warnings (James 1:11; 2:5-6, 15-17; 5:1-3). Their affliction were so severe that one of their leaders was stoned to death (Acts 7:60), the twelve tribes were scattered (Acts 8:1) and there was little doubt but that the times prophesied by Joel (Acts 2:16-17) were taking place." (McLean)
to the prisoners - "Some Christians apparently had been imprisoned for their faith, whereas others had experienced the seizure of their possessions (v 34)." (Ryrie)
v 37 - "This quotation is from Hab 2:3." (Ryrie)
v 38 - "This quotation from Hab 2:4 is used to teach that the person who has been made righteous by God lives (and survives the coming ordeal) by faith. The believer trusts God in everything. Hab 2:4 is also quoted in Rom 1:17 and Gal 3:11, where Paul uses it to teach that the one who is righteous by faith (rather than by works) shall live. Paul's emphasis is on salvation by faith; this writer's is on living by faith." (Ryrie)
"Keeping confidence, enduring to the end, keeping faith, maintaining good works while waiting for Christ's return at which time grace shall be brought to Israel was obviously a problem (2 Pet 3:3-4; 1 Pet 1:9, 13). The people to whom this epistle is directed must do the will of God to receive their promise [millenial kingdom] while we have the promise of our Savior that He did everything necessary for our soul to be saved (2 Cor 5:21)." (McLean)
sinning willfully - "The background is the defiant sin of Num 15:30-31 for which there was no propitiatory offering. Only judgment, awaited the one who sinned defiantly, lit., with a high hand; i.e., with a raised, clenched fist in defiance of God and His commands. (See also Ex 14:8, where the same word is used.)" (Ryrie)
knowledge - "The word 'knowledge' is not the simple word gnosis, but the strong word epignosis. Alford quotes Delitzsch as saying: 'When epignosis is used, there is the assumption of an actual direction of the spirit to a definite object and of a real grasping of the same: so that we may speak of a false gnosis, but not of a false epignosis. And the Writer, by the use of this word, gives us to understand that he mans by it not only a shallow historical notion about the Truth, but a living believing knowledge of it, which has laid hold of a man and fused him into union with itself.' Thus it is clear that the Jew who committed this sin, was fully informed by the Holy Spirit of the issues involved between the First Testament and the New Testament, and also the meaning and the implications of the New Testament, (6:4, 'who were once enlightened') and therefore, he sinned with his eyes wide open." (Wuest)
there no longer remains a sacrifice for sins - "If a person rejects the truth of Christ's death for sin, there is no other sacrifice for sin available and no other way to come to God. Only judgment remains (v 27)." (Ryrie)
"The ministry of the Holy Ghost within believing Israel caused them to walk in God's statutes (Ezek 36:27), to sell all their property (Acts 2:45) and be faithful unto death (Rev 2:10). For them, willful sin was equivalent to blasphemy of the Holy Ghost; and there remaineth no more sacrifice for that (Matt 12:31-32)." (McLean)
v 29 - "The three indictments specified in this verse describe the enormity of the sin of unbelief." (Ryrie)
"To return to Judaism was to count the blood an 'unholy' thing (koinos, common, i.e., having no cleansing value, no divine virtue). More too than this, it meant that the apostate thereby necessarily regarded the blood of Christ as that of a criminal, executed for His own crime. Thus it was not a case of disobedience, it was contempt of God's grace through and in His Son." (Vine)
v 30 - "These are quotes from Deut 32:35-36 and Ps 135:14." (Ryrie)
"The certainty of the punishment is assured by the word of God. Vincent says that the word 'vengeance' is 'an unfortunate translation, since it conveys the idea of vindictiveness which does not reside in the Greek word. It is the full meting out of justice to all parties. The quotation is an adaptation of the LXX of Deut 32:35. The second citation is literally from LXX of Deut 32:36." (Wuest)
conflict of sufferings - struggle with sufferings
"Terrible sufferings are in store for those who find themselves in Daniel's seventieth week, the time of Jacob's trouble. Unable to buy or sell (Rev 13:17), these people endure a great flight of afflictions just as Christ had forewarned in Matthew chapters 24 and 25. The Hebrew Tribulation epistle of James is replete with similar warnings (James 1:11; 2:5-6, 15-17; 5:1-3). Their affliction were so severe that one of their leaders was stoned to death (Acts 7:60), the twelve tribes were scattered (Acts 8:1) and there was little doubt but that the times prophesied by Joel (Acts 2:16-17) were taking place." (McLean)
to the prisoners - "Some Christians apparently had been imprisoned for their faith, whereas others had experienced the seizure of their possessions (v 34)." (Ryrie)
v 37 - "This quotation is from Hab 2:3." (Ryrie)
v 38 - "This quotation from Hab 2:4 is used to teach that the person who has been made righteous by God lives (and survives the coming ordeal) by faith. The believer trusts God in everything. Hab 2:4 is also quoted in Rom 1:17 and Gal 3:11, where Paul uses it to teach that the one who is righteous by faith (rather than by works) shall live. Paul's emphasis is on salvation by faith; this writer's is on living by faith." (Ryrie)
"Keeping confidence, enduring to the end, keeping faith, maintaining good works while waiting for Christ's return at which time grace shall be brought to Israel was obviously a problem (2 Pet 3:3-4; 1 Pet 1:9, 13). The people to whom this epistle is directed must do the will of God to receive their promise [millenial kingdom] while we have the promise of our Savior that He did everything necessary for our soul to be saved (2 Cor 5:21)." (McLean)
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