Now when they had departed, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream and said, “Rise, take the child and his mother, and flee to Egypt, and remain there until I tell you, for Herod is about to search for the child, to destroy him.” And he rose and took the child and his mother by night and departed to Egypt and remained there until the death of Herod. This was to fulfill what the Lord had spoken by the prophet, “Out of Egypt I called my son.” Then Herod, when he saw that he had been tricked by the wise men, became furious, and he sent and killed all the male children in Bethlehem and in all that region who were two years old or under, according to the time that he had ascertained from the wise men. Then was fulfilled what was spoken by the prophet Jeremiah: “A voice was heard in Ramah, weeping and loud lamentation, Rachel weeping for her children; she refused to be comforted, because they are no more.” But when Herod died, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared in a dream to Joseph in Egypt, saying, “Rise, take the child and his mother and go to the land of Israel, for those who sought the child's life are dead.” And he rose and took the child and his mother and went to the land of Israel. But when he heard that Archelaus was reigning over Judea in place of his father Herod, he was afraid to go there, and being warned in a dream he withdrew to the district of Galilee. And he went and lived in a city called Nazareth, so that what was spoken by the prophets might be fulfilled, that he would be called a Nazarene.
to fulfill what the Lord had spoken by the prophet, “Out of Egypt I called my son.” - "Hosea 11:1 relates this to the deliverance of Israel from Egyptian bondage. Matthew, under the direction of the Holy Spirit, applies it to Christ." (Ryrie)
"Israel's history beginning with Egypt, has been a history of sin, disobedience, apostasy and shame. Therefore the true One had to come, the true servant of the Lord in obedience—obedience unto death. He had to go through the history of His people. This is the reason why He had to go down to Egypt, the house of bondage. Of course, there was no bondage for Him. And when He is called out of Egypt, He comes to pass through the wilderness to be tested and tried, going the long journey through all the spirit of holiness without sin, far different from that which Israel was. How blessedly He became identified with all." (Gaebelein)
"Matthew said this incident was anticipated in an Old Testament prophecy. God said in Hosea 11:1, 'I called my son out of Egypt' (ASV). An examination of Hosea's prophecy discloses that this was reference to Israel's historical deliverance out of Egypt under Moses and not specifically a prophecy of the return of Jesus Egypt. How then could Matthew say that this return 'fulfilled what the Lord had said through the prophet' (Matt 2:14)? Matthew saw Israel's history as a type of God's future dealing with His people. An Old Testament type is a prophecy, and Matthew used the historical incident as a prophetic type of what God would do in return His exiled Son to the Land of Promise." (Pentecost)
what was spoken by the prophet Jeremiah - "A quotation of Jer. 31:15, which depicts the wailing at the time of Israel's exile. That calamity and Herod's new atrocity are viewed as part of the same broad picture." (Ryrie)
"In introducing the Old Testament quotation, Matthew said, 'What was said through the prophet Jeremiah was fulfilled; (Matt 2:17). An examination of the prophecy of Jeremiah indicates he was writing of the sorrow and suffering inflicted on Judah through the desolations brought by Nebuchadnezzar when he conquered that land; the prophet did not refer to Herod's slaughter. However, Matthew saw this passage as a prophecy with a double reference. Nebuchadnezzar was only the first despot to spoil Jerusalem and desolate the people to bring sorrow and suffering on the nation. This would occur many times throughout Judah's history. What Herod did on this occasion was included in the prophecy of Jeremiah, and thus Matthew called it to our attention. Matthew was noting that every incident that took place in the life of Christ was in keeping with the Old Testament prophetic Scriptures. This was true whether the incident fulfilled a direct prophecy, such as concerning the place of His birth, whether it fulfilled a prophetic type, or whether it fulfilled a prophecy according to the principle of double reference. All took place in accordance with the revealed program of God." (Pentecost)
when Herod died - "Herod died of a loathsome disease in 4 B.C., a short time after the perpetration of this terrible crime. He had sought relief for a little while in the mineral baths of Callirhoe. There he attempted suicide which was prevented. At the same time, he ordered thousands of the most prominent Jews to be shut up in the circus of Jericho, to be executed at the hour of his death, that there might be no lack of lamentation in the land. But Salome to whom he entrusted the bloody order, when his death was announced set the prisoners free." (Pentecost)
"The ancient texts describe the symptoms Herod experienced in his final days: painful intestinal problems, convulsions in every limb, intense itching, breathlessness, and gangrene of the genitalia. Josephus wrote that Herod’s final illness―sometimes called “Herod’s Evil”―was excruciating. It has generally been thought that King Herod died at 69 years of age from complications of gonorrhea. Dr. Jan Hirschmann, a physician at the University of Washington School of Medicine in Seattle, decided to explore further, and presented his diagnosis at the Historical Clinical Pathologic Conference (CPC). Dr. Hirschmann said he decided to focus on the symptom of itching. “At first, I considered Hodgkin’s disease and some diseases of the liver.” Chronic kidney disease covered all of Herod’s symptoms except gangrene of the genitalia. Dr. Hirschmann figured that the most probable cause of King Herod’s death was chronic kidney disease complicated by Fournier’s gangrene, which is an unusual infection affecting the male genitalia. Such historical medical sleuthing is a part of the CPC Conference, which is sponsored by the VA Maryland Health Care System and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, and was conceived by Dr. Philip Mackowiak. Every year, the CPC re-examines the death of a famous person from the past who died from causes that remain murky or not fully explained." (www.themedicalbag.com; cf. (National Geographic News, January 28, 2002)
Archelaus - "On the death of Herod the Great, Romans divided his kingdom among his sons: Archelaus (Judah and Samaria), Antipas (Galilee and Perea), and Philip (NE Palestine). Archelaus was a bloody king and, worse in the eyes of Rome, ineffective. He was removed by Caesar Augustus in A.D. 6 and banished to Gaul." (Ryrie)
he would be called a Nazarene - "Based on the sense of several OT prophecies (notice the plural prophets). Nazarene is probably a synonym for 'contemptible' or 'despised' since Nazareth was a most unlikely place for the residence of the Messiah (cf. Isa 53:3; Ps 22:6)." (Ryrie)
"Galilee was despised by Jerusalem, and the town of Nazareth was especially contemptible (John 1:46). It was Joseph's native place; and there he plied his trade as a carpenter. 'Spoken by the prophets' (v. 23). They all predicted that the Messiah, in His first Advent, would be despised; that is, He would be a Nazarene; and so it came to pass." (Walker)
to fulfill what the Lord had spoken by the prophet, “Out of Egypt I called my son.” - "Hosea 11:1 relates this to the deliverance of Israel from Egyptian bondage. Matthew, under the direction of the Holy Spirit, applies it to Christ." (Ryrie)
"Israel's history beginning with Egypt, has been a history of sin, disobedience, apostasy and shame. Therefore the true One had to come, the true servant of the Lord in obedience—obedience unto death. He had to go through the history of His people. This is the reason why He had to go down to Egypt, the house of bondage. Of course, there was no bondage for Him. And when He is called out of Egypt, He comes to pass through the wilderness to be tested and tried, going the long journey through all the spirit of holiness without sin, far different from that which Israel was. How blessedly He became identified with all." (Gaebelein)
"Matthew said this incident was anticipated in an Old Testament prophecy. God said in Hosea 11:1, 'I called my son out of Egypt' (ASV). An examination of Hosea's prophecy discloses that this was reference to Israel's historical deliverance out of Egypt under Moses and not specifically a prophecy of the return of Jesus Egypt. How then could Matthew say that this return 'fulfilled what the Lord had said through the prophet' (Matt 2:14)? Matthew saw Israel's history as a type of God's future dealing with His people. An Old Testament type is a prophecy, and Matthew used the historical incident as a prophetic type of what God would do in return His exiled Son to the Land of Promise." (Pentecost)
what was spoken by the prophet Jeremiah - "A quotation of Jer. 31:15, which depicts the wailing at the time of Israel's exile. That calamity and Herod's new atrocity are viewed as part of the same broad picture." (Ryrie)
"In introducing the Old Testament quotation, Matthew said, 'What was said through the prophet Jeremiah was fulfilled; (Matt 2:17). An examination of the prophecy of Jeremiah indicates he was writing of the sorrow and suffering inflicted on Judah through the desolations brought by Nebuchadnezzar when he conquered that land; the prophet did not refer to Herod's slaughter. However, Matthew saw this passage as a prophecy with a double reference. Nebuchadnezzar was only the first despot to spoil Jerusalem and desolate the people to bring sorrow and suffering on the nation. This would occur many times throughout Judah's history. What Herod did on this occasion was included in the prophecy of Jeremiah, and thus Matthew called it to our attention. Matthew was noting that every incident that took place in the life of Christ was in keeping with the Old Testament prophetic Scriptures. This was true whether the incident fulfilled a direct prophecy, such as concerning the place of His birth, whether it fulfilled a prophetic type, or whether it fulfilled a prophecy according to the principle of double reference. All took place in accordance with the revealed program of God." (Pentecost)
when Herod died - "Herod died of a loathsome disease in 4 B.C., a short time after the perpetration of this terrible crime. He had sought relief for a little while in the mineral baths of Callirhoe. There he attempted suicide which was prevented. At the same time, he ordered thousands of the most prominent Jews to be shut up in the circus of Jericho, to be executed at the hour of his death, that there might be no lack of lamentation in the land. But Salome to whom he entrusted the bloody order, when his death was announced set the prisoners free." (Pentecost)
"The ancient texts describe the symptoms Herod experienced in his final days: painful intestinal problems, convulsions in every limb, intense itching, breathlessness, and gangrene of the genitalia. Josephus wrote that Herod’s final illness―sometimes called “Herod’s Evil”―was excruciating. It has generally been thought that King Herod died at 69 years of age from complications of gonorrhea. Dr. Jan Hirschmann, a physician at the University of Washington School of Medicine in Seattle, decided to explore further, and presented his diagnosis at the Historical Clinical Pathologic Conference (CPC). Dr. Hirschmann said he decided to focus on the symptom of itching. “At first, I considered Hodgkin’s disease and some diseases of the liver.” Chronic kidney disease covered all of Herod’s symptoms except gangrene of the genitalia. Dr. Hirschmann figured that the most probable cause of King Herod’s death was chronic kidney disease complicated by Fournier’s gangrene, which is an unusual infection affecting the male genitalia. Such historical medical sleuthing is a part of the CPC Conference, which is sponsored by the VA Maryland Health Care System and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, and was conceived by Dr. Philip Mackowiak. Every year, the CPC re-examines the death of a famous person from the past who died from causes that remain murky or not fully explained." (www.themedicalbag.com; cf. (National Geographic News, January 28, 2002)
Archelaus - "On the death of Herod the Great, Romans divided his kingdom among his sons: Archelaus (Judah and Samaria), Antipas (Galilee and Perea), and Philip (NE Palestine). Archelaus was a bloody king and, worse in the eyes of Rome, ineffective. He was removed by Caesar Augustus in A.D. 6 and banished to Gaul." (Ryrie)
he would be called a Nazarene - "Based on the sense of several OT prophecies (notice the plural prophets). Nazarene is probably a synonym for 'contemptible' or 'despised' since Nazareth was a most unlikely place for the residence of the Messiah (cf. Isa 53:3; Ps 22:6)." (Ryrie)
"Galilee was despised by Jerusalem, and the town of Nazareth was especially contemptible (John 1:46). It was Joseph's native place; and there he plied his trade as a carpenter. 'Spoken by the prophets' (v. 23). They all predicted that the Messiah, in His first Advent, would be despised; that is, He would be a Nazarene; and so it came to pass." (Walker)
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