Now the God of peace, who brought up from the dead the great Shepherd of the sheep through the blood of the eternal covenant, even Jesus our Lord, equip you in every good thing to do His will, working in us that which is pleasing in His sight, through Jesus Christ, to whom be the glory forever and ever. Amen. But I urge you, brethren, bear with this word of exhortation, for I have written to you briefly. Take notice that our brother Timothy has been released, with whom, if he comes soon, I will see you. Greet all of your leaders and all the saints. Those from Italy greet you. Grace be with you all.
equip - "fully provide, adjust, make ready. Some other occurrences of the Greek word are in Matt 4:21; Gal 6:1; 1 Thes 3:10." (Ryrie)
"There can be no doubt as to the identity of the great shepherd of the sheep:
Isaiah 40:11: He shall feed his flock like a shepherd: he shall gather the lambs with his arm, and carry them in his bosom, and shall gently lead those that are with young.
Matthew 10:5-6: These twelve Jesus sent forth, and commanded them, saying, Go not into the way of the Gentiles, and into any city of the Samaritans enter ye not: But go rather to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.
Romans 15:8: Now I say that Jesus Christ was a minister of the circumcision for the truth of God, to confirm the promises made unto the fathers.
Jesus said 'I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd giveth his life for the sheep (John 10:11);' and since the Messiah came not but to the lost sheep of Israel, it is folly to suppose otherwise. By exhorting the reader to perform well-pleasing works, it should be noted that the book of Hebrews is perfectly situated in that James follows, and James has as it theme those well-pleasing works which are to accompany tribulation Israel's faith and commandment-keeping." (McLean)
bear - be patient with
briefly - "Perhaps also outspokenly." (Ryrie)
Timothy - "Apparently he had been imprisoned (see Acts 16:1; Rom 16:21)." (Ryrie)
"...we know this book was written to early Acts Hebrews to inform them about changes in the law and the priesthood so as to equip them with information about their tribulation situation while focusing on their kingdom world to come. Reading ... the Body of Christ into the book of Hebrews is either ignorant or intellectually dishonest." (McLean)
saints - believers
those from Italy - "Probably some Italians living outside Italy sending their greetings home." (Ryrie)
Grace be with you all - "Grace was a familiar concept to the Hebrew people in that Noah was said to have found grace in the eyes of the Lord and there are thirty-eight mentions of 'grace' in the Old Testament (Gen 6:8). Of all people, Lot was given grace (Gen 19:19); and so the word and the concept were known. The difference between God's gracious dealing with Israel and our present dispensation of God's grace is that Israel's grace was always dispensed in accordance with proscribed performance:
Romans 10:5: For Moses describeth the righteousness which is of the law, That the man which doeth those things shall live by them.
Deuteronomy 6:25: And it shall be our righteousness, if we observe to do all these commandments before the Lord our God, as he hath commanded us.
In our dispensation, grace stand alone, without a requirement for works to validate one's faith. Another dispensational distinction is that we enjoy a present possession of God's grace while Israel must endure to the end of the tribulation, at which time grace is delivered to the Hebrew people at the return of Christ for His kingdom:
1 Peter 1:13: Wherefore gird up the loins of your mind, be sober, and hope to the end for the grace that is to be brought unto you at the revelation of Jesus Christ;
Acts 3:19: Repent ye therefore, and be concerts, that your sins may be blotted out, when the times of refreshing shall come from the present of the Lord." (McLean)
"The Syriac says 'The epistle to the Hebrews was written from Roman Italy, and sent by the hand of Timothy.' The Vulgate says nothing; but the Coptic states 'Written in Italy, and sent by Timothy.' There are more than a dozen different subscriptions extant, none of which is part of the actual text, but perhaps the best of all of them would be the Aethiopic which says: 'The Epistle to the Hebrews is completed. The end.'" (McLean)
equip - "fully provide, adjust, make ready. Some other occurrences of the Greek word are in Matt 4:21; Gal 6:1; 1 Thes 3:10." (Ryrie)
"There can be no doubt as to the identity of the great shepherd of the sheep:
Isaiah 40:11: He shall feed his flock like a shepherd: he shall gather the lambs with his arm, and carry them in his bosom, and shall gently lead those that are with young.
Matthew 10:5-6: These twelve Jesus sent forth, and commanded them, saying, Go not into the way of the Gentiles, and into any city of the Samaritans enter ye not: But go rather to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.
Romans 15:8: Now I say that Jesus Christ was a minister of the circumcision for the truth of God, to confirm the promises made unto the fathers.
Jesus said 'I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd giveth his life for the sheep (John 10:11);' and since the Messiah came not but to the lost sheep of Israel, it is folly to suppose otherwise. By exhorting the reader to perform well-pleasing works, it should be noted that the book of Hebrews is perfectly situated in that James follows, and James has as it theme those well-pleasing works which are to accompany tribulation Israel's faith and commandment-keeping." (McLean)
bear - be patient with
briefly - "Perhaps also outspokenly." (Ryrie)
Timothy - "Apparently he had been imprisoned (see Acts 16:1; Rom 16:21)." (Ryrie)
"...we know this book was written to early Acts Hebrews to inform them about changes in the law and the priesthood so as to equip them with information about their tribulation situation while focusing on their kingdom world to come. Reading ... the Body of Christ into the book of Hebrews is either ignorant or intellectually dishonest." (McLean)
saints - believers
those from Italy - "Probably some Italians living outside Italy sending their greetings home." (Ryrie)
Grace be with you all - "Grace was a familiar concept to the Hebrew people in that Noah was said to have found grace in the eyes of the Lord and there are thirty-eight mentions of 'grace' in the Old Testament (Gen 6:8). Of all people, Lot was given grace (Gen 19:19); and so the word and the concept were known. The difference between God's gracious dealing with Israel and our present dispensation of God's grace is that Israel's grace was always dispensed in accordance with proscribed performance:
Romans 10:5: For Moses describeth the righteousness which is of the law, That the man which doeth those things shall live by them.
Deuteronomy 6:25: And it shall be our righteousness, if we observe to do all these commandments before the Lord our God, as he hath commanded us.
In our dispensation, grace stand alone, without a requirement for works to validate one's faith. Another dispensational distinction is that we enjoy a present possession of God's grace while Israel must endure to the end of the tribulation, at which time grace is delivered to the Hebrew people at the return of Christ for His kingdom:
1 Peter 1:13: Wherefore gird up the loins of your mind, be sober, and hope to the end for the grace that is to be brought unto you at the revelation of Jesus Christ;
Acts 3:19: Repent ye therefore, and be concerts, that your sins may be blotted out, when the times of refreshing shall come from the present of the Lord." (McLean)
"The Syriac says 'The epistle to the Hebrews was written from Roman Italy, and sent by the hand of Timothy.' The Vulgate says nothing; but the Coptic states 'Written in Italy, and sent by Timothy.' There are more than a dozen different subscriptions extant, none of which is part of the actual text, but perhaps the best of all of them would be the Aethiopic which says: 'The Epistle to the Hebrews is completed. The end.'" (McLean)
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