Now if perfection was through the Levitical priesthood (for on the basis of it the people received the Law), what further need was there for another priest to arise according to the order of Melchizedek, and not be designated according to the order of Aaron? For when the priesthood is changed, of necessity there takes place a change of law also. For the one concerning whom these things are spoken belongs to another tribe, from which no one has officiated at the altar. For it is evident that our Lord was descended from Judah, a tribe with reference to which Moses spoke nothing concerning priests. And this is clearer still, if another priest arises according to the likeness of Melchizedek, who has become such not on the basis of a law of physical requirement, but according to the power of an indestructible life. For it is attested of Him, “YOU ARE A PRIEST FOREVER ACCORDING TO THE ORDER OF MELCHIZEDEK.”
v 11 - "Another proof that Christ is superior to the law and its priesthood is that the law could not give the people perfection, i.e., complete communion with God. The sacrificial Levitical system never achieved its aim." (Ryrie)
v 12 - "A change in the priesthood from the Levitical to Christ as Melchizedekan priest requires an end to the Mosaic Law. For Paul's different, but non conflicting, argument on the abrogation of the Mosaic Law, see Rom 7:1-6; 2 Cor 3:7-11; Gal 3:19-25)." (Ryrie)
"A change of priesthood necessitates a change also of the law, i.e., of the principle of restoration to God (v 12). The Aaronic Priesthood presents many priests and many sacrifices. On them as a principle or Law of Life was based the First Covenant — salvation by works. That priesthood could not possibly make perfect the conscience of the worshipper as to the guilt of sin and it removal (Heb 6:1; 7:11, 19; 10:1-2). The Melchisedec Priesthood present One Priest and One Sacrifice. On them is founded the Second Covenant — Salvation by grace. This Sacrifice being infinite, and the Priest ever-living, secures perfection of conscience before God as to the forgiveness of sins. The double argument supporting the change of Priesthood contained in verses 13-17 is: first, Christ's membership of the Tribe of Judah (vs 13 and 14); and second, the testimony of Ps 110:17)." (Williams)
"Levitical priests were constituted as such under the jurisdiction of the law, but Christ, though He was born under the law, was not made a priest under it. If thus the law made men priests whose order would have to be changed because Christ's priesthood was of a high order, there must be a change of the law that made them." (Vine)
"The whole Old Testament, starting in Exodus 19, centered on the law, but this verse says there has been a change...God's dealings with the people of the Earth had been calculated, consistent and had culminated with Christ who was made under the law, fulfilling the law. With this seismic verse, the law and priesthood are declared to have changed...Since God now has declared all in unbelief that He might have mercy on all (Rom 11:32), we now know the law is the schoolmaster which brings us to Christ but that once we are saved, we have no more need of that schoolmaster (Gal 3:24-25). For Israel in its New Testament, the law which had been its task-master and judge was to be written in the hearts of the people of God's Spirit. Jeremiah 31:33: But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel; After those days, saith the Lord, I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be their God, and they shall be my people. Hebrews 8:10: For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, saith the Lord; I will put my laws into their mind, and write them in their hearts: and I will be to them a God, and they shall be to me a people: Ezekiel 36:27: And I will put my spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes, and ye shall keep my judgments, and do them. Note also here, that both the Old and the New Testament people are ever and always associated with the law while the Body of Christ is not under the law, but under grace. (Rom 6:14) Hebrews 7:12, then, contains some of the best news Israel is ever to receive in that the law, which was against them, is changed and the temporal human priesthood of Aaron is replaced with the eternal priesthood after the order of Melchisedec. Back in chapter one, we noted that Hebrews is a book filled with things which are better, all to benefit the nation Israel in its kingdom. With Melchisedec, Israel has the priesthood of perfection, better than the Levitical priesthood after the order of Aaron. Having previously been instructed to go on to perfection in Hebrews 6:1, here Israel is enabled to do as they have been told. The law, having been added because of the transgressions of Israel (Gal 3:19), had the function of exposing sin and ministering condemnation. (Rom 7:7) With the change reported in Hebrews 7:12, God enables Israel by His Spirit to keep the law, which before this change in the law had not been possible...Israel, when the Body of Christ has been removed and the prophetic program is reinstated, will benefit from these changes in the priesthood and the law, although hardly anyone respects that truth." (McLean)
v 13-17 - "Since our Lord came from the non-priestly tribe of Judah, He could not have served as priest without there being another order of priests, the Melchizedekan." (Ryrie)
v 11 - "Another proof that Christ is superior to the law and its priesthood is that the law could not give the people perfection, i.e., complete communion with God. The sacrificial Levitical system never achieved its aim." (Ryrie)
v 12 - "A change in the priesthood from the Levitical to Christ as Melchizedekan priest requires an end to the Mosaic Law. For Paul's different, but non conflicting, argument on the abrogation of the Mosaic Law, see Rom 7:1-6; 2 Cor 3:7-11; Gal 3:19-25)." (Ryrie)
"A change of priesthood necessitates a change also of the law, i.e., of the principle of restoration to God (v 12). The Aaronic Priesthood presents many priests and many sacrifices. On them as a principle or Law of Life was based the First Covenant — salvation by works. That priesthood could not possibly make perfect the conscience of the worshipper as to the guilt of sin and it removal (Heb 6:1; 7:11, 19; 10:1-2). The Melchisedec Priesthood present One Priest and One Sacrifice. On them is founded the Second Covenant — Salvation by grace. This Sacrifice being infinite, and the Priest ever-living, secures perfection of conscience before God as to the forgiveness of sins. The double argument supporting the change of Priesthood contained in verses 13-17 is: first, Christ's membership of the Tribe of Judah (vs 13 and 14); and second, the testimony of Ps 110:17)." (Williams)
"Levitical priests were constituted as such under the jurisdiction of the law, but Christ, though He was born under the law, was not made a priest under it. If thus the law made men priests whose order would have to be changed because Christ's priesthood was of a high order, there must be a change of the law that made them." (Vine)
"The whole Old Testament, starting in Exodus 19, centered on the law, but this verse says there has been a change...God's dealings with the people of the Earth had been calculated, consistent and had culminated with Christ who was made under the law, fulfilling the law. With this seismic verse, the law and priesthood are declared to have changed...Since God now has declared all in unbelief that He might have mercy on all (Rom 11:32), we now know the law is the schoolmaster which brings us to Christ but that once we are saved, we have no more need of that schoolmaster (Gal 3:24-25). For Israel in its New Testament, the law which had been its task-master and judge was to be written in the hearts of the people of God's Spirit. Jeremiah 31:33: But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel; After those days, saith the Lord, I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be their God, and they shall be my people. Hebrews 8:10: For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, saith the Lord; I will put my laws into their mind, and write them in their hearts: and I will be to them a God, and they shall be to me a people: Ezekiel 36:27: And I will put my spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes, and ye shall keep my judgments, and do them. Note also here, that both the Old and the New Testament people are ever and always associated with the law while the Body of Christ is not under the law, but under grace. (Rom 6:14) Hebrews 7:12, then, contains some of the best news Israel is ever to receive in that the law, which was against them, is changed and the temporal human priesthood of Aaron is replaced with the eternal priesthood after the order of Melchisedec. Back in chapter one, we noted that Hebrews is a book filled with things which are better, all to benefit the nation Israel in its kingdom. With Melchisedec, Israel has the priesthood of perfection, better than the Levitical priesthood after the order of Aaron. Having previously been instructed to go on to perfection in Hebrews 6:1, here Israel is enabled to do as they have been told. The law, having been added because of the transgressions of Israel (Gal 3:19), had the function of exposing sin and ministering condemnation. (Rom 7:7) With the change reported in Hebrews 7:12, God enables Israel by His Spirit to keep the law, which before this change in the law had not been possible...Israel, when the Body of Christ has been removed and the prophetic program is reinstated, will benefit from these changes in the priesthood and the law, although hardly anyone respects that truth." (McLean)
v 13-17 - "Since our Lord came from the non-priestly tribe of Judah, He could not have served as priest without there being another order of priests, the Melchizedekan." (Ryrie)
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